氏

(bound form) family name Component (氏)

shì · 4 strokes

The (bound form) family name component (氏) is a less common component in Chinese characters. In Chinese, components serve different roles: semantic elements contribute meaning, phonetic elements suggest pronunciation, and structural elements provide the character's framework. It primarily serves as a phonetic element, contributing pronunciation patterns to the characters where it appears. Characters containing 氏 often share the pronunciation zhi: 纸. It typically appears on the right side of a character. 2 characters: 1 in HSK 3, 1 in HSK 7-9. Components are identified through character decomposition analysis.

Radical vs. Component: 氏 is also a Kangxi radical (clan). As a radical, it classifies characters in dictionaries. As a component, it appears as a building block contributing meaning, sound, or structure. For radical-specific details, see the (bound form) family name Radical (氏) page.

(bound form) family name Component at a Glance

Stroke Count4
Total Characters2
Primary RolePhonetic (pronunciation)
Typical Positionright side
Most Common HSK LevelHSK 3 (1 characters)
Avg. Character Strokes8
Also a Kangxi Radical?Yes — view radical page

All (bound form) family name Component Characters

HSK 3 (1 characters)

纸zhǐpaper

HSK 7-9 (1 characters)

昏hūnmuddle-headed

Frequently Asked Questions

What characters contain the (bound form) family name component (氏)?
There are 2 characters containing the (bound form) family name component (氏) in the HSK 3.0 character set (CLEC 2022 syllabus): 1 in HSK 3, 1 in HSK 7-9. The most frequently used include 纸 (zhǐ, "paper"), 昏 (hūn, "muddle-headed"). Components are identified through character decomposition analysis.
Is 氏 a radical or a component?
氏 is both. As a Kangxi radical, 氏 (clan) is part of the traditional system of 214 radicals used to classify Chinese characters in dictionaries. As a component, 氏 is a building block that contributes meaning, sound, or structure to compound characters. When a character "has the (bound form) family name radical," it means 氏 is the character's primary classifier. When a character "contains the (bound form) family name component," it means 氏 appears in the character's decomposition, regardless of whether it serves as the primary radical.
Where does 氏 appear in a character?
The (bound form) family name component (氏) most commonly appears on the right side of a character. Full position breakdown: right side (1 characters), top (1 characters). Knowing where a component typically sits helps with character recognition — when you see 氏 in its usual position, you can quickly identify it and infer the character's meaning or pronunciation.
What HSK levels include (bound form) family name component characters?
Characters containing the (bound form) family name component (氏) appear across 2 HSK levels: 1 in HSK 3, 1 in HSK 7-9. The largest concentration is at HSK 3 with 1 characters. Earlier HSK levels introduce the most common (bound form) family name-related characters, while advanced levels add specialized or literary terms.

Sources & Standards

Components are identified through structural decomposition analysis of characters in the HSK 3.0 Standard (《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》), published by the Center for Language Education and Cooperation (CLEC), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, 2022 revision. Radical classifications follow the Kangxi radical system (康熙部首).