(sòng): litigation

(sòng) is a Chinese character meaning “litigation.” Classified as HSK Level 7-9 (HSK 3.0 Standard, CLEC 2022), it is composed of (semantic) and (phonetic). It ranks #1843 in character frequency (SUBTLEX-CH corpus).

Etymologically derived, speech. Its radical form (speech) appears in many related characters such as (rèn, to recognize, to admit), (, to remember, to record), (shí, to know, knowledge).

Native pronunciation

Definitions

  1. litigation

Etymology & Origin

pictophoneticspeech

Decomposition: ⿰讠公 (layout: left-right)

Stroke Order

1
2
3
4
5
6

Practice writing with real-time feedback — trace each stroke in the correct order and build muscle memory in the HanziFeed app.

Words & Compounds

Common Compounds

WordPinyinMeaning
sù sònglawsuit
sòng ànlawsuit
sù sòng fǎprocedural law
zài sù sòng qī jiānpendente lite
mín shì sù sòngcommon plea
xíng shì sù sòng fǎcriminal procedure
jí tǐ sù sòng(law) class action
sù sòng zhōngpendente lite
tīng sòngto hear litigation (in a law court)
cí sòng fèilegal fees
zhēng sòngdispute involving litigation
cí sònglawsuit
bāo lǎn cí sòngto canvas for lawsuits (idiom)
shè sòngto be involved in a lawsuit
jù sòng fēn yún(of a body of people) to offer all kinds of different opinions (idiom)
17
Total compounds
6
As first character
59
As last character
35
As middle character

appears in 17 compound words: 6 as the first character, 59 as the last, and 35 in a middle position. Compound statistics computed from SUBTLEX-CH and HSK 3.0 vocabulary data.

Strongest Collocations

Characters that most frequently co-occur with in natural Chinese text, ranked by NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information) — a statistical measure of association strength.

0.83046,504 co-occurrences
fěi
0.558600 co-occurrences
bàng
0.550636 co-occurrences
xíng
0.4663,426 co-occurrences
péi
0.452468 co-occurrences
qǐng
0.4271,806 co-occurrences
0.4258,382 co-occurrences
0.4156,918 co-occurrences
yuān
0.405300 co-occurrences
lǒng
0.405150 co-occurrences

Idioms & Chengyu (4)

bāolǎn císòngHSK 7+

to pettifog; to engage in legal pettifoggery; to practice chicanery

phrase
jítǐ sùsòngHSK 7+

class action

noun
mín shì sù sòngHSK 7+

common plea; civil appeal (as opposed to criminal case)

phrase
jù sòng fēn yúnHSK 7+

(of a body of people) to offer all kinds of different opinions (idiom); to argue endlessly

phrase

Example Sentences

AI-Generated

传身教是最好的教育方式。

sòng chuán shēn jiào shì zuì hǎo de jiào yù fāng shì .

Leading by example is the best form of education.

It之家Feb 2026

...拉被指控招聘时歧视美国公民,美法官裁定诉继续推进

. . . lā bèi zhǐ kòng zhāo pìn shí qí shì měi guó gōng mín , měi fǎ guān cái dìng sù sòng jì xù tuī jìn

... La was accused of discriminating against U.S. citizens in recruitment, and a U.S. judge ruled that the lawsuit continued

It之家Feb 2026

...I 指控 OpenAI 窃取商业机密的诉

. . . I zhǐ kòng O p e n A I qiè qǔ shāng yè jī mì de sù sòng

... I lawsuit accusing OpenAI of stealing trade secrets

Yahoo FinanceFeb 2026

中方抨滥征税 势触新诉

zhōng fāng pēng làn zhēng shuì shì chù xīn sù sòng

China criticizes excessive taxation and is bound to lead to new lawsuits

Yahoo FinanceFeb 2026

【中环解密】日睡8小时被炒 投行分析师兴

zhōng huán jiě mì rì shuì 8 xiǎo shí bèi chǎo tóu háng fēn xī shī xīng sòng

【Central Decryption】Sleeping for 8 hours a day was fired and investment bank analysts filed a lawsuit

LtnFeb 2026

...税被裁定违宪 分析师:企业促退税需多年诉

. . . shuì bèi cái dìng wéi xiàn fēn xī shī : qǐ yè cù tuì shuì xū duō nián sù sòng

... Tax ruled unconstitutional Analyst: It takes years for enterprises to promote tax refunds

Character Family

Homophones — Characters pronounced sòng

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 讼 (sòng) mean in Chinese?
讼 (sòng) primarily means "litigation." It is classified as HSK Level 7-9, making it an expert-level character. It ranks #1843 in character frequency.
What's the difference between 讼 and 翁?
讼 (sòng) and 翁 (wēng) are often confused. confusable. The key distinguishing feature: 讠 vs 羽 (same 公 component).
How many strokes does 讼 have?
讼 is written with 6 strokes. The correct stroke order matters for recognition and handwriting speed — practice with the animated guide above to build proper technique.
What is the radical of 讼?
The radical associated with 讼 is 讠 (speech). This radical appears in many characters related to speech.
What are the components of 讼?
讼 is composed of: 讠 (semantic), 公 (phonetic). Its IDS decomposition is ⿰讠公 with a left-right layout. Understanding the components helps with both memorization and recognizing related characters.
What are common words containing 讼?
Common words with 讼 include: 诉讼 (sù sòng, "lawsuit"); 讼案 (sòng àn, "lawsuit"); 诉讼法 (sù sòng fǎ, "procedural law"); 在诉讼期间 (zài sù sòng qī jiān, "pendente lite"); 民事诉讼 (mín shì sù sòng, "common plea"). There are over 17 compound words containing this character.
What characters sound the same as 讼 (sòng)?
Several characters share the pronunciation sòng: 松 (pine, loose), 颂 (ode), 耸 (to excite), 宋 (the Song dynasty (960–1279)), and 2 more. Context and tones help distinguish between them in speech and writing.
Is 讼 the same in simplified and traditional Chinese?
Yes, 讼 is written the same way in both simplified and traditional Chinese.

Practice writing with real-time feedback

Trace stroke sequences, hear native pronunciation, and build lasting retention with spaced repetition in the HanziFeed app.

Character data sourced from Unihan (Unicode Consortium), SUBTLEX-CH frequency corpus (Cai & Brysbaert, 2010), and Make Me a Hanzi (stroke data). Collocation strength measured via NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information). Verified by the HanziFeed linguistics team.

HSK classification follows the HSK 3.0 Standard (Center for Language Education and Cooperation, CLEC, 2022 revision). Idiom data from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0).

Data last verified: March 2026.