(xíng): punishment, penalty, sentence

(xíng) is a Chinese character meaning “punishment.” Classified as HSK Level 7-9 (HSK 3.0 Standard, CLEC 2022), it is composed of (structural) and (structural). It ranks #1086 in character frequency (SUBTLEX-CH corpus).

Etymologically derived, a man 刂 in jail 开. Its radical form (knife) appears in many related characters such as (fēn, to divide), (bié, to leave), (dào, to reach).

Native pronunciation

Definitions

  1. punishment
  2. penalty
  3. sentence

Etymology & Origin

ideographicA man 刂 in jail 开

Decomposition: ⿰开刂 (layout: left-right)

Stroke Order

1
2
3
4
5
6

Practice writing with real-time feedback — trace each stroke in the correct order and build muscle memory in the HanziFeed app.

Words & Compounds

Common Compounds

WordPinyinMeaning
sǐ xíngdeath penalty
xíng shìcriminal
fú xíngto serve a prison sentence
xíng jǐngcriminal police (abbr. for 刑事警察[xing2 shi4 jing3 cha2])
xíng qīprison term
xíng xíngto carry out a (death) sentence
huǎn xíngsuspended sentence
pàn xíngto sentence (to prison etc)
kù xíngcruelty
jiǎn xíngto reduce penalty
yán xíngstrict law
jiǎo xíngto execute by hanging
xíng fásentence
wú qī tú xínglife imprisonment
xíng xùninterrogation under torture
91
Total compounds
42
As first character
46
As last character
12
As middle character

appears in 91 compound words: 42 as the first character, 46 as the last, and 12 in a middle position. Compound statistics computed from SUBTLEX-CH and HSK 3.0 vocabulary data.

Strongest Collocations

Characters that most frequently co-occur with in natural Chinese text, ranked by NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information) — a statistical measure of association strength.

gōu
0.73815 co-occurrences
0.62875,620 co-occurrences
pàn
0.58976,379 co-occurrences
0.57219,878 co-occurrences
0.565103,692 co-occurrences
chè
0.56511 co-occurrences
jiǎo
0.5584,038 co-occurrences
shì
0.527163,440 co-occurrences
0.50910,110 co-occurrences
jǐng
0.50551,528 co-occurrences

Idioms & Chengyu (6)

shí zì jià xíngHSK 7+

crucifiction

phrase
wúqī túxíngHSK 7+

life sentence

noun
xíngshì fǎtíngHSK 7+

criminal court

noun
xíngshì jǐngcháHSK 7+

criminal investigation bureau; officer of the criminal investigation bureau

noun
yǒuqī túxíngHSK 7+

imprisonment of limited duration

noun
yánxíngkǎodǎHSK 7+

to cruelly torture; to cruelly beat up

phrase

Example Sentences

AI-Generated

这个字在古汉语中有不同的含义。

zhè gě xíng zì zài gǔ hàn yǔ zhōng yǒu bù tóng de hán yì .

The character "刑" carries different meanings in classical Chinese.

LtnFeb 2026

潜入国小偷拍女童如厕判7年2月 恶男二审度大减改判2年

qián rù guó xiǎo tōu pāi nǚ tóng rú cè pàn 7 nián 2 yuè è nán èr shěn xíng dù dà jiǎn gǎi pàn 2 nián

Infiltrated the elementary school to secretly photograph the girl going to the toilet and was sentenced to 7 years and 2 years, and the sentence of the evil man was greatly reduced in the second instance and changed to 2 years

Hk01.comFeb 2026

...举期间转贴呼吁杯葛选举贴文 判囚2月准缓1年半

. . . jǔ qī jiān zhuǎn tiē hū xū bēi 葛 xuǎn jǔ tiē wén pàn qiú 2 yuè zhǔn huǎn xíng 1 nián bàn

... During the election, he reposted a post calling for a boycott of the election and was sentenced to two months in prison and suspended for one and a half years

EttodayFeb 2026

军车撞死母女! 驾驶兵背锅判10个月

jūn chē zhuàng sǐ mǔ nǚ ! jià shǐ bīng bèi guō pàn xíng 1 0 gè yuè

The military vehicle hit the mother and daughter to death! The driver was sentenced to 10 months in prison

東方日報Feb 2026

男子上月参与反政府示威 传被判死

nán zǐ shàng yuè cān yǔ fǎn zhèng fǔ shì wēi chuán bèi pàn sǐ xíng

A man was sentenced to death for participating in anti-government demonstrations last month

UdnnewsindexFeb 2026

桃园人妻晨间泼酸毁夫双眼 获缓理由曝光

táo yuán rén qī chén jiān pō suān huǐ fū shuāng yǎn huò huǎn xíng lǐ yóu pù guāng

Taoyuan wife splashed acid in the morning and destroyed her husband's eyes, and the reason for the suspended sentence was exposed

Tatoeba

我们应该废除死

Wǒmen yīnggāi fèichú sǐxíng.

We should abolish the death penalty.

Tatoeba

汤姆正在服无期徒

Tāngmǔ zhèngzài fú wúqī túxíng.

Tom is serving a life sentence.

Tatoeba

汤姆有可能会被判无期徒

Tāngmǔ yǒukěnéng huì bèi pàn wúqītúxíng.

Tom could face life in prison.

Tatoeba

仇恨言论会煽动私

Chóuhèn yánlùn huì shāndòng sī xíng.

Hate speech incites lynchings.

Character Family

Homophones — Characters pronounced xíng

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 刑 (xíng) mean in Chinese?
刑 (xíng) primarily means "punishment." It is classified as HSK Level 7-9, making it an expert-level character. It ranks #1086 in character frequency.
How many strokes does 刑 have?
刑 is written with 6 strokes. The correct stroke order matters for recognition and handwriting speed — practice with the animated guide above to build proper technique.
What is the radical of 刑?
The radical associated with 刑 is 刂 (knife). This radical appears in many characters related to knife.
What are the components of 刑?
刑 is composed of: 开 (structural), 刂 (structural). Its IDS decomposition is ⿰开刂 with a left-right layout. Understanding the components helps with both memorization and recognizing related characters.
What are common words containing 刑?
Common words with 刑 include: 死刑 (sǐ xíng, "death penalty"); 刑事 (xíng shì, "criminal"); 服刑 (fú xíng, "to serve a prison sentence"); 刑警 (xíng jǐng, "criminal police (abbr. for 刑事警察[xing2 shi4 jing3 cha2])"); 刑期 (xíng qī, "prison term"). There are over 91 compound words containing this character.
What characters sound the same as 刑 (xíng)?
Several characters share the pronunciation xíng: 星 (star), 猩 (ape), 腥 (fishy (smell)), 形 (to appear), and 6 more. Context and tones help distinguish between them in speech and writing.
Is 刑 the same in simplified and traditional Chinese?
Yes, 刑 is written the same way in both simplified and traditional Chinese.

Practice writing with real-time feedback

Trace stroke sequences, hear native pronunciation, and build lasting retention with spaced repetition in the HanziFeed app.

Character data sourced from Unihan (Unicode Consortium), SUBTLEX-CH frequency corpus (Cai & Brysbaert, 2010), and Make Me a Hanzi (stroke data). Collocation strength measured via NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information). Verified by the HanziFeed linguistics team.

HSK classification follows the HSK 3.0 Standard (Center for Language Education and Cooperation, CLEC, 2022 revision). Idiom data from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0).

Data last verified: March 2026.