坐 (zuò): to sit

坐 (zuò) is a Chinese character meaning “to sit.” Classified as HSK Level 1 (HSK 3.0 Standard, CLEC 2022), it is composed of 从 (structural) and 土 (structural). It ranks #611 in character frequency (SUBTLEX-CH corpus).

Etymologically derived, 坐 two people 从 sitting on the ground 土. Its radical form 土 (earth) appears in many related characters such as 在 (zài, to exist), 地 (dì, earth, ground), 场 (chǎng, field, place).

Spoken pronunciation

Definitions

  1. to sit

Etymology & Origin

坐

ideographicTwo people 从 sitting on the ground 土

Decomposition: ⿻从土 (layout: overlay)

Stroke Order

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Practice writing 坐 with real-time feedback — trace each stroke in the correct order and build muscle memory in the HanziFeed app.

Words & Compounds

HSK Vocabulary with 坐

WordPinyinMeaningHSK
乘坐verbchéng zuòto take (a ship, plane etc)4

Common Compounds

WordPinyinMeaning
坐下verbzuò xiato sit down
坐牢verbzuò láoto be imprisoned
坐标zuò biāovariant of 座標|坐标
坐以待毙phrasezuò yǐ dài bìto sit and wait for death (idiom)
坐立不安phrasezuò lì bù ānlit. agitated sitting or standing (idiom)
坐等verbzuò děngto sit and wait
坐骑nounzuò qísaddle horse
坐落verbzuò luòto be situated
坐垫nounzuò diàncushion
坐冷板凳verbzuò lěng bǎn dèngto hold an inconsequential job
静坐verbjìng zuòto sit quietly
如坐针毡phraserú zuò zhēn zhānlit. as if sitting on pins and needles (idiom)
仰卧起坐nounyǎng wò qǐ zuòsit-up (physical exercise)
坐姿nounzuò zīsitting posture
闲坐xián zuòto sit around
100
Total compounds
57
As first character
28
As last character
15
As middle character

坐 appears in 100 compound words: 57 as the first character, 28 as the last, and 15 in a middle position. Compound statistics computed from SUBTLEX-CH and HSK 3.0 vocabulary data.

Strongest Collocations

Characters that most frequently co-occur with 坐 in natural Chinese text, ranked by NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information) — a statistical measure of association strength.

标biāo
0.64036,588 co-occurrences
赤chì
0.61015,552 co-occurrences
落luò
0.55723,106 co-occurrences
乘chéng
0.53928,900 co-occurrences
椅yǐ
0.4812,313 co-occurrences
凳dèng
0.478498 co-occurrences
牢láo
0.4551,884 co-occurrences
姿zī
0.4411,735 co-occurrences
朝cháo
0.4237,800 co-occurrences
蹲dūn
0.418210 co-occurrences

Idioms & Chengyu (18)

平起平坐píngqǐpíngzuòHSK 3+

to be on an equal footing

phrase
席地而坐xídì'érzuòHSK 5+

to sit on the ground

phrase
直角坐标zhí jiǎo zuò biāoHSK 4+

rectangular coordinates; Cartesian coordinates

phrase
坐不垂堂zuò bù chuí tángHSK 6+

lit. don't sit under the eaves (where tiles may fall from the roof) (idiom); fig. keep out of danger

phrase
坐吃山空zuòchīshānkōngHSK 3+

to be unproductive; to be idle while consuming resources

adjective
坐而论道zuò'érlùndàoHSK 4+

to indulge in empty talk instead of doing anything useful

phrase
坐骨神经zuògǔ shénjīngHSK 6+

sciatic nerve

noun
坐井观天zuòjǐngguāntiānHSK 6+

ignorant of the world; to be living under a rock

phrase
坐冷板凳zuò lěngbǎndèngHSK 7+

to hold an unimportant post and be neglected; to be sidelined; to be given the cold shoulder

verb
坐立不安zuòlìbù'ānHSK 5+

to fidget; to be on tenterhooks; to feel uneasy; to be restless and agitated

phrase
坐失良机zuò shī liáng jīHSK 5+

to sit and waste a good opportunity (idiom); to lose the chance

phrase
坐收渔利zuòshōuyúlìHSK 7+

to reap the benefits of two other parties fighting

phrase

Showing 12 of 18 idioms containing 坐.

Example Sentences

AI-Generated

请坐,我们马上开始讨论今天的议题。

Qǐng zuò, wǒmen mǎshang kāishǐ tǎolùn jīntiān de yìtí.

Please sit down; we will begin discussing today's topics shortly.

StheadlineFeb 2026

...展览周日揭幕 小学生发明AI分析座椅纠正坐姿

. . . zhǎn lǎn zhōu rì jiē mù xiǎo xué shēng fā míng A I fēn xī zuò yǐ jiū zhèng zuò zī

... The exhibition opened on Sunday Elementary school students invent AI analysis seats to correct sitting posture

UdnnewsindexFeb 2026

遇拖吊业者坐地起价 律师:先搜证自保

yù tuō diào yè zhě zuò dì qǐ jià lǜ shī : xiān sōu zhèng zì bǎo

When the towing industry sits on the ground and raises the price Lawyer: First collect evidence to protect yourself

中国新闻网_梳理天下新闻Feb 2026

(新春走基层)山西新绛:七星坡上坐满看戏人

( xīn chūn zǒu jī céng ) shān xī xīn 绛 : qī xīng pō shàng zuò mǎn kàn xì rén

(New Year at the grassroots level) Shanxi Xinjiang: The Qixing Slope is full of theatergoers

百度新闻Feb 2026

坐拥百万粉丝的他,为何归零重启,一头扎进金...

zuò yōng bǎi mò fěn sī de tā , wéi hé guī líng chóng qǐ , yī tóu zhā jìn jīn . . .

He has millions of fans, why zero reboot, head into the gold...

百度新闻Feb 2026

(新春走基层)福建福州:民众春节免费乘坐地铁出行

xīn chūn zǒu jī céng fú jiàn fú zhōu mín zhòng chūn jié miǎn fèi chéng zuò dì tiě chū háng

(Chinese New Year) Fuzhou, Fujian: people travel free on the subway in the Spring Festival

Tatoeba

坐在角落的那个男人是谁?

Zuò zài jiǎoluò de nàge nánrén shì shéi?

Who is the man sitting in the corner?

Tatoeba

比如说,我要到市中心,有什么车子可以坐吗?

Bǐrú shuō, wǒ yào dào shìzhōngxīn, yǒu shénme chēzi kěyǐ zuò ma?

For example, if I want to get downtown what bus should I take?

Tatoeba

我坐过站了,怎么办?

Wǒ zuò guo zhàn le, zěnmebàn?

I missed my stop. What should I do?

Tatoeba

你是否坐公共汽车去上学?

Nǐ shìfǒu zuò gōnggòngqìchē qù shàngxué?

Do you go to school by bus?

Character Family

Homophones — Characters pronounced zuò

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 坐 (zuò) mean in Chinese?
坐 (zuò) primarily means "to sit." It is classified as HSK Level 1, making it a beginner-level character. It ranks #611 in character frequency.
How many strokes does 坐 have?
坐 is written with 7 strokes. The correct stroke order matters for recognition and handwriting speed — practice with the animated guide above to build proper technique.
What is the radical of 坐?
The radical associated with 坐 is 土 (earth). This radical appears in many characters related to earth.
What are the components of 坐?
坐 is composed of: 从 (structural), 土 (structural). Its IDS decomposition is ⿻从土 with a overlay layout. Understanding the components helps with both memorization and recognizing related characters.
What are common words containing 坐?
Common words with 坐 include: 坐下 (zuò xia, "to sit down"); 坐牢 (zuò láo, "to be imprisoned"); 乘坐 (chéng zuò, "to take (a ship, plane etc)"); 坐标 (zuò biāo, "variant of 座標|坐标"); 坐以待毙 (zuò yǐ dài bì, "to sit and wait for death (idiom)"). There are over 100 compound words containing this character.
What characters sound the same as 坐 (zuò)?
Several characters share the pronunciation zuò: 作 (to work, to make), 做 (to do, to make), 左 (left), 座 (seat), and 2 more. Context and tones help distinguish between them in speech and writing.
Is 坐 the same in simplified and traditional Chinese?
Yes, 坐 is written the same way in both simplified and traditional Chinese.

Practice writing 坐 with real-time feedback

Trace stroke sequences, hear spoken pronunciation, and build lasting retention with spaced repetition in the HanziFeed app.

Character data sourced from Unihan (Unicode Consortium), SUBTLEX-CH frequency corpus (Cai & Brysbaert, 2010), and Make Me a Hanzi (stroke data). Collocation strength measured via NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information). Verified by the HanziFeed linguistics team.

HSK classification follows the HSK 3.0 Standard (Center for Language Education and Cooperation, CLEC, 2022 revision). Idiom data from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0).

Data last verified: March 2026.