(rǎng): (bound form) soil, earth, (literary) the earth (contrasted with heaven 天)

(rǎng) is a Chinese character meaning “(bound form) soil.” Classified as HSK Level 6 (HSK 3.0 Standard, CLEC 2022), it is composed of (semantic) and (phonetic). It ranks #2335 in character frequency (SUBTLEX-CH corpus).

Etymologically derived, earth. Its radical form (earth) appears in many related characters such as (zài, to exist), (, earth, ground), (chǎng, field, place).

Native pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (bound form) soil
  2. earth
  3. (literary) the earth (contrasted with heaven 天)

Etymology & Origin

pictophoneticearth

Decomposition: ⿰土襄 (layout: left-right)

Stroke Order

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Practice writing with real-time feedback — trace each stroke in the correct order and build muscle memory in the HanziFeed app.

Words & Compounds

HSK Vocabulary with

WordPinyinMeaningHSK
nountǔ rǎngsoil6

Common Compounds

WordPinyinMeaning
píng rǎngPyongyang, capital of North Korea
tiān rǎng zhī biélit. the difference between heaven and earth (idiom)
qióng xiāng pì rǎnga remote and desolate place
jiē rǎngto border on
píng rǎng shìPyongyang, capital of North Korea
tǔ rǎng xuépedology (soil study)
xiāo rǎng zhī biésee 天壤之別|天壤之别[tian1 rang3 zhi1 bie2]
yuè rǎnglunar soil
rǎng tǔ(agriculture) loam
rǎng táng xiànZamthang, a county in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture 阿壩藏族羌族自治州|阿坝藏族羌族自治州[A1 ba4 Zang4 zu2 Qiang1 zu2 Z...
wò rǎngfertile soil
rǎng tángsee 壤塘縣|壤塘县[Rang3 tang2 Xian4]
xī rǎngvariant of 熙攘[xi1 rang3]
xī xī rǎng rǎngvariant of 熙熙攘攘[xi1 xi1 rang3 rang3]
15
Total compounds
20
As first character
47
As last character
33
As middle character

appears in 15 compound words: 20 as the first character, 47 as the last, and 33 in a middle position. Compound statistics computed from SUBTLEX-CH and HSK 3.0 vocabulary data.

Strongest Collocations

Characters that most frequently co-occur with in natural Chinese text, ranked by NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information) — a statistical measure of association strength.

jiē
0.721391,486 co-occurrences
zhèn
0.715201,006 co-occurrences
0.695313,650 co-occurrences
shì
0.594202,908 co-occurrences
0.56267,176 co-occurrences
lín
0.44410,842 co-occurrences
féi
0.3952,844 co-occurrences
0.38778,033 co-occurrences
de
0.385157,576 co-occurrences
dōng
0.37618,360 co-occurrences

Idioms & Chengyu (4)

qióngxiāngpìrǎngHSK 7+

remote and backward places

phrase
tiānrǎngzhībiéHSK 6+

to be poles apart; to be like night and day; to be a world of difference between them

phrase
xī xī rǎng rǎngHSK 7+

variant of 熙熙攘攘[xi1 xi1 rang3 rang3]

phrase
xiāo rǎng zhī biéHSK 6+

see 天壤之別|天壤之别[tian1 rang3 zhi1 bie2]

phrase

Example Sentences

AI-Generated

豆是东北地区的主要农作物之一。

rǎng dòu shì dōng běi dì ōu de zhǔ yāo nóng zuò wù zhī yī .

Soybeans are one of the primary crops in Northeast China.

工商時報Apr 2026

北京|商业效益低 北京直飞平航班再停航

běi jīng shāng yè xiào yì dī běi jīng zhí fēi píng rǎng háng bān zài tíng háng

English News - RthkApr 2026

罗淑佩:香港创作土肥沃 深入了解国安法毋须忧虑“踩地雷”

luó 淑 pèi : xiāng gǎng chuàng zuò tǔ rǎng féi wò shēn rù le jiě guó ān fǎ 毋 xū yōu lǜ cǎi dì léi

WorldjournalApr 2026

复飞一次后 国航北京至平航线再度停运

fù fēi yī cì hòu guó háng běi jīng zhì píng rǎng háng xiàn zài dù tíng yùn

Yahoo FinanceMar 2026

“我不想看到日本首相来平” 金与正拒绝高市早苗与金正恩会晤意向

wǒ bù xiǎng kàn dào rì běn shǒu xiāng lái píng rǎng jīn yǔ zhèng jù jué gāo shì zǎo miáo yǔ jīn zhèng ēn huì wù yì xiàng

“I don’t want to see the Japanese prime minister come to Pyongyang.” Kim Yo-jong rejects Sanae Takaichi’s proposal to meet with Kim Jong-un

百度新闻Feb 2026

“尹锡悦政府时期11次向平放飞无人机”

尹 xī yuè zhèng fǔ shí qī 1 1 cì xiàng píng rǎng fàng fēi wú rén jī

"11 drones were flown to Pyongyang during the Yoon Suk-yeol administration"

Tatoeba

泰国在北边接缅甸和老挝。

Tàiguó zài běibiān jiērǎng Miǎndiàn hé Lǎowō.

Thailand is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos.

Tatoeba

这个土似乎长不出任何东西来。

Zhège tǔrǎng sìhū zhǎngbuchū rènhé dōngxi lái.

Nothing seems to grow in this soil.

Tatoeba

被雨水冲走了。

Tǔrǎng bèi Yǔshuǐ chōngzǒu le.

The rain washed away the soil.

Tatoeba

这是非常好的土

Zhè shì fēicháng hǎo de tǔrǎng.

This is very good soil.

Character Family

Homophones — Characters pronounced rǎng

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 壤 (rǎng) mean in Chinese?
壤 (rǎng) primarily means "(bound form) soil." It is classified as HSK Level 6, making it an advanced character. It ranks #2335 in character frequency.
What's the difference between 壤 and 囊?
壤 (rǎng) and 囊 (náng) are often confused. confusable. The key distinguishing feature: 土 vs 口 (same 襄 component).
How many strokes does 壤 have?
壤 is written with 20 strokes. The correct stroke order matters for recognition and handwriting speed — practice with the animated guide above to build proper technique.
What is the radical of 壤?
The radical associated with 壤 is 土 (earth). This radical appears in many characters related to earth.
What are the components of 壤?
壤 is composed of: 土 (semantic), 襄 (phonetic). Its IDS decomposition is ⿰土襄 with a left-right layout. Understanding the components helps with both memorization and recognizing related characters.
What are common words containing 壤?
Common words with 壤 include: 土壤 (tǔ rǎng, "soil"); 平壤 (píng rǎng, "Pyongyang, capital of North Korea"); 天壤之别 (tiān rǎng zhī bié, "lit. the difference between heaven and earth (idiom)"); 穷乡僻壤 (qióng xiāng pì rǎng, "a remote and desolate place"); 接壤 (jiē rǎng, "to border on"). There are over 15 compound words containing this character.
What characters sound the same as 壤 (rǎng)?
Several characters share the pronunciation rǎng: 嚷 (to shout), 攘 ((literary) to push up one's sleeves), 让 (to let, to allow). Context and tones help distinguish between them in speech and writing.
Is 壤 the same in simplified and traditional Chinese?
Yes, 壤 is written the same way in both simplified and traditional Chinese.

Practice writing with real-time feedback

Trace stroke sequences, hear native pronunciation, and build lasting retention with spaced repetition in the HanziFeed app.

Character data sourced from Unihan (Unicode Consortium), SUBTLEX-CH frequency corpus (Cai & Brysbaert, 2010), and Make Me a Hanzi (stroke data). Collocation strength measured via NPMI (Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information). Verified by the HanziFeed linguistics team.

HSK classification follows the HSK 3.0 Standard (Center for Language Education and Cooperation, CLEC, 2022 revision). Idiom data from Wiktionary (CC BY-SA 3.0).

Data last verified: March 2026.